變速箱的首要效果
The primary effect of gearbox
1、改變傳動(dòng)比，以適應(yīng)不同的行進(jìn)速度和行進(jìn)條件；
1. Change the transmission ratio to adapt to different travel speed and conditions.
2、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不變情況下，使汽車能倒退行進(jìn)；
2. When the direction of engine rotation is unchanged, the car can go backwards.
3、使用空擋，中斷動(dòng)力傳遞，且使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)停留在怠速的狀況。
3. Use neutral gear, interrupt power transmission, and make the engine stay idle.
以上三點(diǎn)說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)略一點(diǎn)，就是變速箱讓車在不同車速下獲得不同的牽引力。這樣的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以提高引擎的傳動(dòng)效率。換句話說(shuō)，就是用更少的油跑更遠(yuǎn)的路。
Above three points to say briefly, is that the gearbox allows the car to obtain different traction at different speeds. The advantage of this method is that it can improve the transmission efficiency of the engine. In other words, it's running farther with less oil.
在了解變速箱的結(jié)構(gòu)之前，咱們首先要知道為什么需求變速箱，它的效果是什么。依據(jù)不同駕馭狀況，車輛的速度以及動(dòng)力需求能在一個(gè)較大的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行變化，實(shí)現(xiàn)這點(diǎn)，除了有效制動(dòng)外，擋位的選擇也很重要。
Before we understand the structure of the gearbox, we first need to know why the gearbox is needed and what its effect is. According to different driving conditions, vehicle speed and power demand can be changed in a larger range. To achieve this, besides effective braking, gear selection is also very important.
所以，改變傳動(dòng)比來(lái)適應(yīng)不同的駕馭狀況是變速箱的一大效果。此外，實(shí)現(xiàn)倒車以及在不熄火狀況下使用空擋切斷動(dòng)力的傳遞也是變速箱被廣泛應(yīng)用于內(nèi)燃機(jī)范疇的原因。
Therefore, changing the transmission ratio to adapt to different driving conditions is a major effect of the gearbox. In addition, reversing and using neutral cut-off power transmission under non-extinguishing conditions are also the reasons why gearboxes are widely used in the field of internal combustion engines.
手動(dòng)變速箱
Manual gearbox
“手動(dòng)擋變速箱并不是低配車型的標(biāo)志”。這一立場(chǎng)有必要在介紹該類型變速箱之前標(biāo)明。安裝手動(dòng)擋變速箱的車型需求駕馭員在駕馭過(guò)程中四肢并用來(lái)對(duì)擋位進(jìn)行切換，不過(guò)有人也把這種與機(jī)械直接的交流看作是一種樂(lè)趣。
"Manual gearbox is not a sign of low-matching models". This position needs to be marked before introducing this type of gearbox. Vehicle models with manual gearboxes require drivers to use their limbs to switch gears during steering, but some people also regard this direct communication with machinery as a pleasure.
手動(dòng)變速箱的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)
Advantages and disadvantages of manual transmission
首先，手動(dòng)擋車型開起來(lái)必定不如自動(dòng)擋車型舒暢，它需求駕馭員支付更多的膂力，當(dāng)然，也有不少人把這看作為駕馭樂(lè)趣，但要是在交通頂峰時(shí)期，頻頻的動(dòng)作也會(huì)將這樣的“快感”消磨殆盡。
First of all, manual gear is not as comfortable as automatic gear. It requires drivers to pay more effort. Of course, many people regard it as driving pleasure, but if it is in the peak period, frequent actions will wipe out such "pleasure".
而它的優(yōu)勢(shì)則在于作業(yè)穩(wěn)定且保養(yǎng)廉價(jià)，家用型轎車的手動(dòng)變速箱除了定時(shí)替換手動(dòng)變速箱油外，離合器的替換算是比較大的保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目了。
Its advantage lies in stable operation and low maintenance. Besides replacing manual transmission oil regularly, the replacement of clutch is a relatively large maintenance project.
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