定義與作用

Definition and Function

定義：變速箱油是用于保持變速箱系統(tǒng)清潔的油類用品，分為手動變速箱油和自動變速箱油等不同類型。

Definition: Transmission fluid is an oil product used to keep the transmission system clean, divided into different types such as manual transmission fluid and automatic transmission fluid.

作用

role

潤滑：減少變速箱內齒輪、軸承、離合器等零部件之間的摩擦，降低磨損，延長變速箱使用壽命。

Lubrication: Reduce friction between components such as gears, bearings, clutches, etc. inside the gearbox, reduce wear, and extend the service life of the gearbox.

冷卻：帶走變速箱在運轉過程中產生的熱量，防止變速箱過熱，保證其在正常溫度范圍內工作。

Cooling: Take away the heat generated by the gearbox during operation, prevent overheating of the gearbox, and ensure that it operates within the normal temperature range.

清潔：溶解并沖洗掉變速箱內的金屬碎屑、雜質和沉淀物，保持內部清潔，防止雜質對零部件造成損傷。

Cleaning: Dissolve and rinse off metal debris, impurities, and sediment in the gearbox, maintain internal cleanliness, and prevent impurities from damaging components.

防銹：隔絕金屬表面與空氣、水分等的接觸，防止生銹和腐蝕，保護變速箱內的金屬部件。

Rust prevention: isolate metal surfaces from contact with air, moisture, etc., prevent rust and corrosion, and protect metal components inside the gearbox.

傳遞動力：在自動變速箱中，作為液力變矩器傳遞動力的介質，確保動力能夠平穩(wěn)、高效地傳輸。

Transmission of power: In automatic transmissions, as a medium for transmitting power through hydraulic torque converters, it ensures smooth and efficient transmission of power.

種類

type

手動變速箱油：也稱為齒輪油，主要用于手動變速箱和差速器。通常分為 GL-1 到 GL-6 共 6 個等級，GL-4 和 GL-5 等級的油品具有較好的抗磨性能和高溫穩(wěn)定性，適用于較高負荷的齒輪傳動。

Manual transmission oil: also known as gear oil, mainly used for manual transmissions and differentials. Usually divided into six grades, GL-1 to GL-6, GL-4 and GL-5 grades of oil have good anti-wear performance and high temperature stability, and are suitable for gear transmission with higher loads.

自動變速箱油：用于自動變速箱，根據工作溫度和性能要求，可分為礦物油和合成油。合成油性能更優(yōu)，有更長使用壽命、更高熱穩(wěn)定性和抗氧化性。

Automatic transmission oil: Used for automatic transmissions, it can be divided into mineral oil and synthetic oil according to operating temperature and performance requirements. Synthetic oil has better performance, longer service life, higher thermal stability, and antioxidant properties.

無級變速箱油：用于無級變速箱（CVT），具有較高的粘度指數和良好的潤滑性能，以適應無級變速器復雜的傳動機構和寬泛的傳動比范圍。

Continuously variable transmission oil: Used for continuously variable transmissions (CVTs), it has a high viscosity index and good lubrication performance to adapt to the complex transmission mechanism and wide range of transmission ratios of CVTs.

雙離合器變速箱油：用于雙離合器變速箱，通常為紅色，有較好的耐熱性和氧化穩(wěn)定性，確保變速箱正常運行和較長使用壽命。

Dual clutch transmission oil: used for dual clutch transmissions, usually red in color, with good heat resistance and oxidation stability, ensuring normal operation and longer service life of the transmission.

更換周期

Replacement cycle

手動變速箱油：一般建議每行駛 6 萬至 10 萬公里更換一次。

Manual transmission oil: It is generally recommended to replace it every 60000 to 100000 kilometers of driving.

自動變速箱油：通常在行駛 4 萬至 6 萬公里時考慮更換。但如果駕駛習慣溫和、行駛環(huán)境好，可適當延長；若經常在擁堵路況行駛或駕駛習慣激烈，則應提前更換。部分車輛聲稱是 “免維護” 變速箱，但也需根據實際工況檢查和更換。

Automatic transmission oil: It is usually considered to be replaced when driving 40000 to 60000 kilometers. But if the driving habits are mild and the driving environment is good, it can be appropriately extended; If you frequently drive in congested road conditions or have strong driving habits, you should replace it in advance. Some vehicles claim to have a "maintenance free" gearbox, but it also needs to be inspected and replaced based on actual operating conditions.

更換方法

Replacement method

重力換油：擰開放油螺絲，讓變速箱油自然流出，然后加入新油。操作簡單、成本低，但只能更換變速箱油底殼中的油液，無法徹底清潔變速箱內部。

Gravity oil change: Loosen the drain screw to allow the transmission oil to flow out naturally, and then add new oil. The operation is simple and the cost is low, but it can only replace the oil in the gearbox oil pan and cannot thoroughly clean the inside of the gearbox.

循環(huán)機換油：使用專業(yè)的循環(huán)機設備，通過新舊油液的循環(huán)交換，能更徹底地清潔變速箱內部，更換效果更佳，但操作復雜、成本較高。

Circulating machine oil change: Using professional circulating machine equipment, through the circulation exchange of new and old oil, the interior of the gearbox can be cleaned more thoroughly, and the replacement effect is better, but the operation is complex and the cost is high.

選購要點

Key points for purchasing

匹配車型：不同車型的變速箱對油液的要求不同，要根據車輛使用手冊選擇合適型號的變速箱油。

Matching car models: Different car models have different fluid requirements for their transmissions, and the appropriate type of transmission fluid should be selected according to the vehicle manual.

選擇品牌：知名品牌的變速箱油質量更有保障，如采埃孚、愛信、殼牌、美孚等。

Choose a brand: The quality of gearbox oil from well-known brands such as ZF, Aisin, Shell, Mobil, etc. is more guaranteed.

辨別真?zhèn)危鹤⒁獗鎰e產品真?zhèn)?，避免購買到假冒偽劣產品，可通過正規(guī)渠道購買，查看產品包裝、標識等。

Distinguishing authenticity: Pay attention to distinguishing the authenticity of products to avoid purchasing counterfeit and inferior products. You can purchase through legitimate channels and check the product packaging, labeling, etc.

檢查方法

Inspection Method

觀察油液顏色：正常的變速箱油呈清澈透明狀，顏色變深甚至變黑，說明可能需要更換。

Observing the color of the oil: Normal transmission oil appears clear and transparent, with a darker or even darker color, indicating that it may need to be replaced.

聞油液氣味：新的變速箱油有獨特油脂味，若有燒焦或異味，可能已變質。

Smell the oil odor: The new transmission oil has a unique grease smell. If there is burning or a strange smell, it may have deteriorated.

檢查換擋感受：換擋出現頓挫、遲緩或異響等，可能是變速箱油潤滑性能下降。

Check the shifting experience: If there is jerking, sluggishness, or abnormal noise during shifting, it may be due to a decrease in the lubrication performance of the transmission oil.

定期保養(yǎng)檢查：按汽車保養(yǎng)手冊要求，到正規(guī)維修店檢查變速箱油的油位、顏色、氣味和性能等指標。

Regular maintenance inspection: According to the requirements of the car maintenance manual, go to a regular repair shop to check the oil level, color, odor, and performance indicators of the transmission oil.

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